Paracetamol: Uses, Side Effects, Dosage & Safety Information

​Introduction to Paracetamol

​In this post, we'll talk about Paracetamol. In India, Paracetamol is a widely sold medicine for pain.

​Paracetamol is also known as acetaminophen and is one of the most used medicines in the world. This is an over-the-counter (OTC) medicine, commonly used for fever and mild to moderate pain. Since it's an OTC medicine, people tend to use it more often, which can lead to serious consequences. Excessive use of this medicine can cause liver damage.

​What is Paracetamol?

​This medicine belongs to the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory category. It is an analgesic (pain reliever) and antipyretic (fever reducer) medicine.

​Chemical Name: The chemical name for Paracetamol is N-acetyl-p-aminophenol.

​Available Forms: In terms of its dosage forms, this medicine is available as tablets, syrups, suspensions, injections, and suppositories. In most countries, it is an OTC medicine.

​Uses of Paracetamol

​Paracetamol is used to treat several conditions, including:

• ​Relief from headaches, toothaches, and back pain
• ​Treatment of fever (in children and adults)
• ​Post-vaccination fever in infants
• ​Cold and flu symptoms (in combination with other medicines)
• ​Arthritis and muscle pain (mild cases)

​How it Works (Mechanism of Action)

​Paracetamol works by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme in the brain, which reduces the production of prostaglandins (chemicals responsible for pain and fever). This medicine prevents prostaglandins from being formed.

​It does not reduce inflammation like NSAIDs such as Ibuprofen or Aspirin.

​Dosage & Administration

​💊 Adults:

• ​500 mg to 1000 mg every 4-6 hours as needed.
• ​Maximum: 4 grams/day.
• ​👶 Children (10-15 mg/kg body weight):
• ​Every 6 hours (do not exceed 60 mg/kg/day).

​⚠️ Important: Do not exceed the recommended dose. An overdose can lead to liver failure.

​Side Effects of Paracetamol

​At normal doses, Paracetamol is generally safe, but some patients have experienced side effects such as:

• ​Nausea, vomiting, stomach upset
• ​Allergic reactions (rashes, itching, swelling)
• ​Serious cases: Liver damage, kidney problems, blood disorders

​Precautions & Safety Tips

​You should not consume alcohol with Paracetamol, as this significantly increases the risk to the liver. Additionally, patients with liver disease should only use it under medical advice.

• ​It is safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding when used at the recommended dose.
• ​Always check other medications (many cold/flu tablets already contain Paracetamol).

​Drug Interactions

​Paracetamol can have drug interactions with alcohol. Additionally, there's a risk of drug interaction with carbamazepine, rifampicin, and phenytoin. Long-term use of Paracetamol with warfarin can increase the tendency for bleeding.

​Popular Brands in India

• ​Crocin
• ​Dolo-650
• ​Calpol
• ​Metacin
• ​Pacimol

​Conclusion

​When used correctly, Paracetamol is a safe and effective medicine. It helps with fever and mild pain, but an overdose can be fatal. Always read the label and consult your doctor for long-term use.

​FAQs on Paracetamol

• ​Q1. Can I take Paracetamol on an empty stomach?
• 👉 Yes, it is generally safe, but taking it with food can reduce the likelihood of stomach upset.
• ​Q2. Is Paracetamol safe for children?
• 👉 Yes, but the dosage depends on body weight. Always use medicines specifically made for children.
• ​Q3. Can I take Paracetamol every day?
• 👉 Only when needed and not more than the prescribed limit. Long-term daily use can damage the liver.

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